The Scarlet Letter
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Introduction |
The Scarlet Letter is one of a whole slew books that has recieved a truly bad reputation for no reason. You do need to be patient with the author, but if you give him that, you will like the book. |
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Section |
This unit will consist of the follwing sections
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Clinton and "Illegitimacy"
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Introduction |
these recent news article brings many of the Scarlet letter issues into stark relief. |
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Article |
Read the following article. 1. The Clinton administration had barely finished outlining its strategy to halt the rise of teen-age pregnancies when the naysayers began. 2. Other pilot programs aiming to curb teen-age pregnancies haven't worked, they argued. Those programs that did show promising results were too small a sampling to be representative of the entire nation, they said. 3. Well, pardon me for a little optimism, but our national policy on teen-age pregnancy for the last 20 years has been little more than a fight between the "Just say no!" zealots and the "It's inevitable, here's a condom" crowd. 4. Along comes a president with a plan to team up federal funds, a plea for abstinence and the use of peer mentors who counsel teens to postpone having children until they can care for them, and it's ludicrous to call it just another failed fancy of the Clinton agenda. 5. Consider what this plan is trying to do: First, it would pump $400 million in grants to more than 1,000 schools and high-risk neighborhoods over five years. Suggested programs are a pragmatic blend of recreational sports and activities, an older-student mentor program and family-planning information. 6. Second, the plan would require minor mothers to live at home, seek education or training and to work after receiving aid for two years. Third, Clinton has committed to using the bully pulpit of the presidency, as well as Cabinet posts, to promote abstinence and waiting for marriage to bear children. He proposes establishing a nonprofit foundation to work toward discouraging teen-age pregnancy. 7. Fourth, the administration wants to require mothers to name the fathers of their children, and promises to beef up efforts to collect child support payments. If he'd just included a plan to increase economic opportunities for kids in areas where teen-age pregnancies are rampant, he'd have given it a better chance of success. |
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8. Will his goals work? Consider what we have been doing: Can there be a sillier game plan than deciding that teen-age sex is just inevitable so we won't even try to encourage waiting? Well, that's just what we have done for the last 20 years, being so afraid of injecting a "personal bias" into sex education that we've hamstrung sex-education teachers into being no more than biology teachers with charts and pointers. 9. Could there be a better idea than having popular kids who are committed to postponing childbearing themselves mentor younger students? Nothing matters to teen-agers as much as being accepted by their peers, and peer drug-abstinence programs have worked well among certain age groups in some schools and cities. 10. Call me naive, but I still believe that adults significant to teens, who advocate "waiting until you're more emotionally mature," can wield a powerful influence. 11. Believing we've lost that influence, many of us have abdicated that power completely with our children. 12. William Galston, one of several administration aides who studied academic literature on teen pregnancy, says he and other officials were especially impressed with Atlanta's "Postponing Sexual Involvement Program." It pairs Atlanta's human sexuality curriculum with talks by high-school students urging the younger kids to postpone sexual activity. 13. Included in the PSIP curriculum is role-playing of "how to say `no' without hurting the other person's feelings," Program Director Marion Howard told The New York Times. While to an adult "hurting another person's feelings" might seem like a silly thing to worry about during an unwanted sexual proposition, there is nothing more important to a teen-ager than remaining popular with one's peers, even if a peer is a popular boy whose hormones are cremating him from the outside in. 14. The Clinton plan to curb teen pregnancy may be the closest this administration has come to fulfilling the idealism that bussed him into office. |
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Questions |
Answer the following questions fully. What does the word "mentor" mean in paragraph 9? What would be a good title for this article? From reading paragraph 13, you could conclude that many girls have sex because.... What are the four proposals? Since this program has begun, relatively few mothers have named the fathers. Why do you suppose that is? How effective have the last twenty years of Government policy been on this issue? What is the tone of paragraphs 3 & 4? What words establish that tone? |
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Challenge |
What demands do single mothers put on a society? What are other ways of solving this issue? |
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Young Goodman Browne
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Introduction |
This is such a funky story that it makes a great introduction to the rest of Hawthorne. |
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Questions |
Please read the story and answer the following questions. 1. Who does Brown meet in the forest? Who does he look like? Why would the author make that comparison? 2. If Brown doesnt tell his wife where he is going, what does that say about his marriage? Should there be open communication between husband and wife? Is this a sin? 3. Where is this evil man? Why might the author have him in the Forest? 4. What is the importance of his wifes name, Faith?
5. Why is everyone in the town out in the woods? Are they all hypocrites? 6. How would you avoid the devil in this case? Is the devil doing true evil here? What would an angel do How might Hawthorne feel about religion? |
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Challenge |
Read "The Lottery" and answer questions 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 on page 540. |
The Scarlet Letter: Preview Questions
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Introduction |
The letter asks a lot of questions about us, but in non-standard ways. Hawthorne questions many aspects of his society and of ours. |
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Open ended Questions |
Think about the following questions and respond either orally or on paper. Why might residents of Boston in 1610 be more religious than residents of Dresden Germany or London, England?
Do you expect teachers and others to be more moral and "better" than you are?
Does love last forever?
Should a wife stay with her husband if it will make life for the kids easier? |
The Prison Door: Chapter 1
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Introduction |
The novel begins with this quick little set piece that gives you some background information. |
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Questions |
Answer the following questions completely 1. What details does Hawthorne use to describe the people? 2. What is a Utopia? Why would a Utopia need a prison? Is this ironic? How?
3. How does he describe the rust? Why might that be important? 4. What grows in front of the prison? What significance do the black and ugly things have? What does the rose bush signify? 5. Where did the rose come from? What is the difference between the Hutchinson story and the Wilderness? 6. What does the author want the bloom to signify? |
The Market Place
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Introduction |
The actual story starts now. |
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Questions |
Answer the following questions fully. 1. What could they be waiting for? Since they are puritans, what else could they be waiting for? Would you spend a long time waiting for a whipping? Why? 2. What were the women waiting for? How do they look different from English women? 3. What punishment do they want for her? Whymight they be so vicious? Are they being religious? 4. What does the woman look like? Why does she pull t he child close to her? 5. Her clothing is supposed to imitate her personality. What is she wearing? What must her personality be like? 6. What is the scaffold for? What does it look like? |
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The Marketplace, Continued
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7. Who was the Divine Maternity? Why might Hawthorne make this comparison? 8. What does she flashback to? Why? |
The Recognition
Introduction
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Questions |
Answer the following questions. Use another sheet of paper. 1. Describe the setting in the Boston Center, when Hester is on the pillory?
2. What does the visitor look like? What negative words and phrases are used to describe him? Is he similar to the Satan in the "Goodman" story? Explain. 3. The conversation with the neighbor is a literary trick called "Exposition" It allows an author to give you necessary information. What information does Hawthorne give you in this discussion?
4. Why have the judges been merciful?
5. Why might Hester stare at the stranger? Why would it be better to be amid all those people, than to be alone with him? 6. Is Reverend Wilson a kind man? Explain. 7. Describe Dimmesdale. What is odd about him? |
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The Recognition, Continued
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8. According to Dimmesdale, why would it be better for Hester to say the name of the father? Why is it good for the father? 9. Why doesnt she speak? Why might this be hell for the father |
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Challenge |
Draw Chillingsworth and Dimmesdale. Include detail that Hawthorned omitted, but you know to be true. |
The Interview
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Introduction |
More pain, more pain,more pain. |
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Questions |
Answer the following questions. 1. How is Hester acting? Why might she be this way? Why is the kid freaking out? 2. Why wouldnt she take the drugs? 3. Who is Chillingsworth? 4. Where did he learn about medecine? Why might that be important? 5. Why does she drink her own mediecine so willingly? 6. What does Chillingworth want to know? Why wont she tell him? 7. What secret does she have to keep? |
Quotes: The Interview
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Introduction |
This is an extremely interesting and nettlesome chapter in the work. for those reasons, it bears some pretty close scrutiny. |
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Our story so far |
What has happened to these three people so far in the novel? Dimmesdale: Chillingworth: Hester Prynne: |
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Quotes |
Identify the speaker of these quotes and the significance? The quotes are not in chronological order. "Are my purposes wont to be so shallow?"
"Art thou like the Black Man that haunts the forest round about us?"
"I have greatly wronged thee."
"I should take in hand to drive Satan out of her with stripes."
"My heart was a habitation large enough for many guests, but lonely and chill, and without a household fire."
"My home is where thou art and where he is. But betray me not!"
"There are...few things hidden from the man who devotes himself earnestly and unreservedly to the solution of a mystery." |
Chapter 5: Hester at Her Needle
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Introduction |
Life goes on, for Hester. Possibly, that is the cruelest part of the sentence. |
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Questions |
Answer the following questions thoroughly. Use another sheet of paper. 1. Why would the ordinary days be more of a strain than her days in prison? What would she become for the ministers? 2. Where will she stay? Why? How was it like a new birth? How will it be a "martyrdom" 3. Where does Hester choose to live? Why would she want to live there? Why would the magistrates want her to live there? 4. What was Hesters job? Why was that an unusual job for a Puritan settlement? How is the job emblematic of her nature? What didnt she embroider? Why did she consider this a sin? 5. Did she ever feel that she was a part of society? Why not? |
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Hester at the Needle, Continued
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6. What are some examples of her sin coming into her day-to-day world? Does Hawthorne definitively say that Nature speaks against her? 7. What power does the letter have? 8. What do "the vulgar" say about the letter? How is that partially true? |
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Challenge |
How long, do you suppose, this chapter lasts in time? What is Chillingworth doing over this time? How about the real father? |
Pearl
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Introduction |
Time to find out about the kid. |
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Questions |
Answer the following questions carefully. Use another sheet of paper. 1. Complete the phrase: "A lovely and immortal flower, out of the rank _______________________________________ _________________________________." What does that mean? 2. What is the childs name? Why is that doubly appropriate? 3. When he writes that the child was perfect, what biblical allusions does he use?
4. How does the "mood" of Pearls begetting affect the child?
5. How is Pearl an "imp of evil"? How do the other children treat her? 6. What games do the Puritan children play? Do those games strike you as Christian? 7. When does Pearl show anger? Why does Hester take heart at this, as opposed to getting upset? How is her play unusual? |
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Pearl, Continued
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8. What is the one truly wierd part of Pearls personality? Why does this cause pain to her mother? 9. What does Pearl throw at her mother? Where do they all hit? Why does Mom take it? 10. When Pearl asks where she came from, how does Hester answer?
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Challenge |
What comments does Hawthorne make about the Puritan society by his description of Pearl? |